ANGELICA ROOT  Inhibits platelet clumping Can lower prothrombin time How? Alpha-angelica lactone and coumarins Both prothrombin and platelet clumping refer to blood clots, so angelica root inhibits blood clots. Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database       SARSAPARILLA ROOT Anti-rheumatic Antiseptic Anti-rash Improves appetite Improves psoriasis Liver protection Anti-inflammatory How? Quercetin, phytosterols and saponins   Anti-rheumatic refers to anti-inflammation or pain in muscles, joints, any fibrous tissue. Antiseptic refers to antimicrobial. Psoriasis refers to a skin disorder (rash). Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database     ALFALFA HERB  Decreases plasma cholesterol Decreases cholesterol absorption Increases excretion of bile acids and neutral steroids May reduce blood sugar levels Antifungal properties How? Saponins, medicagol, coumetrolk, genistein, biochanin A and diadzein Antifungal refers to antimicrobial Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database   DANDELION ROOT   Diuretic Mild anti-inflammatory Mild laxative Stimulates appetite How? Sesquiterene lactones, eudesmanolides   Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database    GENTIAN ROOT   Stimulates digestive juices and saliva Mild anti-inflammatory properties Combats mosquitoes How? Gentiamarn, gentiopicrin, amarogentin, swertiamarin, gentisin, isogentisin   Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database     SAW PALMETTO BERRY   May reduce benign prostatic hyperplasia Anti-inflammatory How? Mechanism unknown Benign prostatic hyperplasia refers to abnormal tissue growth in the prostate area Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database   HOREHOUND HERB   Vasodilator Expectorant Antioxidant May normalize cardiac arrhythmias May reduce intestinal spasm Anti-inflammatory How? Marrubin, hydroxycinnamon and tannins Vasodilator refers to the dilation (broadening) of blood vessels. Expectorant refers to the clearing of mucus in the lungs. Arrhythmia refers to heart beat. Spasms refer to cramps. Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database     LICORICE ROOT   Antispasmodic Anti-inflammatory Laxative ØSoothing properties Anti-estrogenic Can inhibit the Epstein-Barr virus Significant antimicrobial activity Can accelerate peptic ulcer healing How? Glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, isoflavinoids glabridin and gladbrol, and isoliquiritigenin Antispasmodic refers to anti-cramps. Anti-estrogenic refers to the reduction of the production of estrogen in the body, a hormone. Peptic ulcer refers to digestive ulcers. Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database         SENEGA ROOT Expectorant Emetic activity Anti-inflammatory May be effective against graft rejection, eczema, psoriasis and multiple sclerosis How? Salicylic acid, methylsalicylate, saponin mixture (triterpenoids)   Expectorant refers to the discharge of mucus from the respiratory tract. Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database       THYME HERB Antispasmodic Anti-tussive Expectorant Anti-flatulent Astringent Antibacterial Stimulates saliva How? Thymol, carvacrol, flavonoids (rosmarinic acid), phenolic compounds   Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database       PASSION FLOWER Sedative Antispasmodic Pain reliever Antibacterial Antifungal How? Apigenin, maltol, ethylaltol, harmon alkoloids (harmine, harmaline, harmalol, Harman, harmin) and passicol  A sedative is a relaxant. Antispasmodic means anti-cramping. Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database         CELERY SEED Sedative Anti-spasmodic Diuretic Hypotensive Lowers blood sugar (hypoglycemic) Anti-platelet clumping activity How? Phthalide constituents (d-limonene and selinene) et apiogenin   Hypotensive is the opposite of hypertensive and means that it lowers blood pressure Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database       CAMOMILE HERB Anti-allergic Anti-flatulent Antispasmodic Mild sedative Anti-inflammatory Antiseptic Antibacterial Anti-ulcer properties How? Azulene, coumarin, sesquiterpene, bisabolol   Source: The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database       CASCARA SAGRADA  (This ingredient is not contained in the California or Canadian formula) mild laxative aids digestion antiseptic prevents tooth decay